I believe you're talking about aerobic and anaerobic. You would target them by doing things that tap into that. Aerobic means your body uses fat and glucose for energy and oxygen is present. Anaerobic means oxygen isn't as much of a factor and glucose is the preferred energy source (not accounting for post exercise burn, which is another story). So aerobic is something like jogging, anaerobic is lifting weights for lower rep ranges like 3-6 rep training